CR
Cryospheric Sciences

Cryospheric Sciences

Vernagtferner: My First Encounter with an Alpine Glacier

October 15, 2021
Vernagtferner: My First Encounter with an Alpine Glacier
A: The start of our first climb to the Vernagtferner Glacier; B: The Vernagtferner Valley in the Ötztal Alps; C: Late afternoon in the Austrian Alps; D: The ice flows carrying, among other things, rock debris and scratching the surface of other rocks with increasing erosive power. Figure credit: Eduardo Q Alves.

In July 2021, together with a group of MSc students from the University of Bremen, I set off from the flat plains of Northwest Germany and embarked on a journey to the mountainous regions of Austria, with the Vernagtferner Glacier as our final destination. My aim was to learn as much as I could in the glaciology field course offered by the university. During my student days in Brazil, glaciers fil ...[Read More]

Cryo-Adventures – Hunting snow algae in the Alps

October 8, 2021
Cryo-Adventures – Hunting snow algae in the Alps
Figure 1. Researchers and students measuring snow optical properties during a snow algae bloom in the beautiful landscape of the Brenta Dolomites (Rhaetian Alps). [Credit: Cristian Ferrari]

We are used to think of algae as marine or lacustrine organisms, but they are actually able to thrive also on the cryosphere. In a previous post, we learnt how snow algae live and reproduce on snow. Now we will explore how and why scientists study snow algae, and how social media can be used for identifying new study areas. Snow algae in the Alps Snow algae in the Alps have been overlooked or conf ...[Read More]

Women of Cryo IV: Virginia ‘Ginny’ Fiennes (1947 – 2004)

October 1, 2021
Women of Cryo IV: Virginia ‘Ginny’ Fiennes (1947 – 2004)

Women make up 50.8% of the worlds population, yet fewer than 30% of the world’s researchers are women. Of this percentage, BAME (Black Asia and Minority Ethnic) comprise around 5%, with less than 1% represented in geoscience faculty positions. The divide between women in the population and women in STEM needs to be addressed. Through a series of blog posts we hope to raise the voice of women in th ...[Read More]

Let’s go to School of Sustainability!

September 24, 2021
Let’s go to School of Sustainability!
Logo of School of Sustainability, showing on the background our evident love for the Cryosphere [Credit: FAWLTS]

Next generations will not only see impacts of climate change first-hand, but they will also deal with the associated societal implications. Implementing climate solutions and orienting themselves in a growing, green job market need cutting-edge knowledge, which is often hard to get through the ordinary, high-school syllabus. As early-career cryo-scientists (Federica is a PhD student in glacial geo ...[Read More]

Will the Arctic be ice free earlier than previously thought?

September 17, 2021
Will the Arctic be ice free earlier than previously thought?
Figure 1: Polar bear on sea ice in Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean. Figure credit: Alla Khan, NSIDC, CC BY 2.0.

There is no doubt that the Arctic is currently losing its sea ice as our climate is warming. And this process will carry on as temperatures continue climbing. But the rate at which sea ice will melt in the future and the exact date when the Arctic will be free of sea ice is not known due to several factors (which will be briefly discussed in this post). Torben Koenigk and I have selected climate m ...[Read More]

Mapping sea ice from space

September 10, 2021
Mapping sea ice from space
Figure 1. The thinning and retreating of sea ice have led to increased human activity in Arctic waters. Hence, marine traffic and activities such as fishing, shipping, oil and mineral exploitation are expected to increase in the future. To handle navigation in ice-covered waters, vessel crews need appropriate planning support. [Credit: Alex Perz/Unsplash]

Reduced and thinner sea ice makes Arctic waters increasingly appealing for shipping, fishing, tourism, and mineral exploration. However, with increased accessibility and more dynamic ice conditions comes a greater risk for ship crews to encounter sea ice and icebergs outside of their usual seasonal limits. To help them navigate, timely and reliable sea ice information is key. Have you wondered how ...[Read More]

Cryo-adventures – Undertaking Cryo-Fieldwork in a Global Pandemic!

September 3, 2021
Cryo-adventures – Undertaking Cryo-Fieldwork in a Global Pandemic!
Looking out over Fjallsjökull from the top of the nearby moraine ridge. Photo credit: Nathaniel Baurley

Have you ever wondered what undertaking cryo-fieldwork in a glacial environment typically involves? Well, what about undertaking cryo-fieldwork in a glacial environment during a global pandemic?! Read on to find out all about the challenges I faced on my recent trip to Iceland in July 2021… Fieldwork Preparation As this previous blog post highlights, undertaking cryo-fieldwork requires a significa ...[Read More]

Did you know about Artificial Glaciers?

August 27, 2021
Did you know about Artificial Glaciers?
Figure 1. The Presena glacier in the central Alps (Adamello-Presanella range) is one of the most famous “artificial” glaciers. Here we are in September 2020 and you see a snowcat in the process of removing the white tarps that cover the glacier in summer, visible in its upper part. Is this a glacier or a construction site? [Credits: Giovanni Baccolo]

There are several ways that we can classify glaciers. We can look at their shape, their size, their type of terminus, and many other features. A new characteristic has recently been gaining in popularity: artificiality. Yes, we now have a few artificial glaciers! Have you ever heard about them? They are glaciers whose behavior is directly influenced by human interventions in order to improve their ...[Read More]

Did you know about the weathering crust? Five things you never knew about glacier surfaces

August 20, 2021
Did you know about the weathering crust? Five things you never knew about glacier surfaces
The weathered surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Photo credit: Ian Stevens

To the untrained eye, the melting surface of glaciers and ice sheets can look a little boring. It’s bright in some places, dark in others, and there are lots of things to fall over and (hopefully not) get your feet wet in. However, a huge range of processes are occurring both upon and just underneath the ice surface, in a 50-ish cm thick layer of ice called the weathering crust (or the “crust” for ...[Read More]

Re-discovering the British North Greenland Expedition 1952-54

August 13, 2021
Re-discovering the British North Greenland Expedition 1952-54
Figure 1. Map of the major field localities (red dots), including the BNGE bases at Britannia Sø and North Ice, and the approximate traverse route (red lines) of the British North Greenland Expedition (adapted from Hamilton 1956). North East Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) is indicated. Base map is a multidirectional hillshade of the 100 m Arctic DEM (25x vertical exaggeration) overlain by the ITS LIVE 120 m ice velocity dataset. Both basemap datasets were accessed via https://qgreenland.org/ [credits: Neil Ross]

How did we (nearly) all forget about, or simply overlook, a large-scale two-year long mid-20th Century scientific expedition to the northern Greenland Ice Sheet? Particularly an expedition that kick-started some significant glaciological and geophysical careers, developed large-scale polar logistical capabilities, traversed the ice sheet, acquired some novel and critical data, and asked some big r ...[Read More]