Climate of the Present

What is in the (European) air?

Caroline Jacques December 6, 2017

Figure 1: ICOS station network (ICOS ERIC, https://www.icos-ri.eu)

You thought that Mauna Loa was the only observatory to provide continuous measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and were disappointed because Hawaii is way too far from your study area or because you wanted to know how bad the air is in your hometown? The US have been monitoring the composition of the atmosphere since 1972, but what about Europe? Since 2008, Europe has its own ...[Read More]

Of butterflies and climate: how mathematics helps us to better understand the atmosphere

Gabriele Messori and Davide Faranda August 1, 2017

Applied mathematics is often seen as an obscure field, which the general public has no hope of ever understanding. In the context of climate science, this is far from the truth. In fact, many mathematical concepts and ideas applied to the study of the climate system stem from intuitive arguments. While their implementation can be very complex, understanding the basic ideas behind them does not req ...[Read More]

Defrosting the freezer. Climate change and glacial meltwater

Kathryn Adamson May 15, 2017

Why are glaciers important? Glaciers cover around 10% of the global land surface. This includes the large ice sheets (e.g. in Greenland and Antarctica) as well as smaller ice caps and valley glaciers (e.g. in Iceland, Norway and New Zealand). Figure 1 shows the current distribution of glaciers around the world. Figure 1 – The global distribution of glaciers around the world from the GLIMS glacier ...[Read More]

Hot towns, summer in the city!

Gert-Jan Steeneveld, associate Professor at Wageningen University, The Netherlands April 21, 2017

Figure 1: Sketch of the processes governing the urban heat island effect.

Cities obviously experience a different climate than natural landscapes. Already in 1810 the British meteorologist Luke Howard documented that the air temperature in the city of London was several degrees higher than in its surroundings. This so called urban heat island has several causes. In general the relatively dark surfaces of asphalt and roofs absorb solar radiation very efficiently and this ...[Read More]