Between a Rock and a Hard Place

Between a Rock and a Hard Place

“I’m a scientist, get me out of here…!”

James Hickey is a PhD student in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. A geophysicist and volcanologist by trade, his PhD project is focussed on attempting to place constraints on volcanic unrest using integrated geodetic modelling.

Having had just over a week to recover I can finally begin to look back on what were two incredible weeks of “I’m a scientist, get me out here” excitement!

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To the uninitiated, think academia meets X-Factor in a science communication and outreach fiesta. The premise is simple – school students ask science questions, scientists answer science questions, school students vote for their favourite scientist. But when it starts it really kicks off!

The build-up was sedate enough, starting with a profile page to populate with information about how you live your life as a scientist. Then the Friday before the event went live, the first set of questions came through – ‘do you like exploring volcanoes?’, ‘how close can you get to a volcano before it burns you?’ and everyone’s favourite, ‘why do volcanoes erupt’ amongst many (and I mean many) others.

The students can ‘ASK’ questions whenever they like by submitting a post on the website, but the real fun starts when the live ‘CHAT’ sessions begin. 30 minutes in a web chat room answering questions in real-time. But these kids are quick, REALLY quick! And there are lots of them – a class at a time – all asking question upon question without waiting for a reply first. Needless to say I am now much faster at typing!

Attempting to muti-task. Volcano modelling on the left and 'I'm a scientist' on the right.

Attempting to muti-task. Volcano modelling on the left and ‘I’m a scientist’ on the right. Attempts proved futile! Image credit: James Hickey.

Five scientists started the competition. I shared my zone with Julie, Saima, Antoine and Daniel, boasting a huge variety of subjects between us. Over the first week of the competition we had 10 live chat sessions, fortunately I was able to make all of them. Others weren’t so lucky. This also meant I ended up going solo in several of them, answering questions from an entire school class on my own. Things were heating up…

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At the same time, questions kept flooding in via the ‘ASK’ section to answer at our ‘leisure’ (the sooner the better). Volcanoes soon became the hot topic (sorry, awful pun…) and the students’ interest was building.

A comment from an interested student.

A comment from an interested student.

The pressure really ramped up in the second week when the student votes started to add up and scientists were evicted daily. Daniel was the first victim, followed by Antoine on Wednesday.

We will never know how the students decided to vote. Was it the way we answered their questions? Short and sharp, or more in-depth? Humour or just plain fact? I tried to mix mine up. Except when it was acceptable for the one-worded answer, e.g. ‘Messi or Ronaldo?’, or ‘Do the Taliban blow volcanoes up?’ (yeah, that happened…!). Or maybe it was just on our individual research topics?

Next to leave was Saima, and there were only a couple more live chat sessions to go. With just Julie and I remaining it was getting tense – I didn’t want to let down #teamvolcano. Amazingly the students still had numerous unanswered questions – maybe the things they just hadn’t had the chance to ask before (e.g. ‘can you drift a front-wheel drive car?’) or things they wouldn’t want to ask their teachers (e.g. ‘why do women get cravings when they’re pregnant?’).

Some Twitter-based support!

Some Twitter-based support!

The final day peaked with a ‘mega chat’ – 2 hours of uninterrupted live chat allowing students from multiple schools to drop in and ask more questions. This was it, the final chance to secure those all-important votes! The hour between the end of the chat and the results being announced was jittery at best…

Zone-by-zone the winners were revealed. My office mates clambered around my screen as they were released. Then…

The winner of the Tellurium Zone is James!

A wining message wouldn't be complete without a volcano pun!

A wining message wouldn’t be complete without a volcano pun!

Cue excitement! I had done it! Now to plan how I will spend the £500 prize on volcano-related outreach projects :D.

Obviously though, the real winners are the students. Hopefully the other scientists and I did enough to convince them that not all scientists are crazy with bad hair and hang around in a lab coat all day without ever seeing the sunlight. In fact one of the questions we were asked was ‘do you get bad hair days?’. Haha! If they go away with a more informed view of careers in science I think we can all consider ourselves successful. Sparking some interest outside of their school science curriculum and seeing how they can actually apply some of the stuff within their curriculum is all part and parcel of the event.

Hopefully this student wasn't the only one we inspired!

Hopefully this student wasn’t the only one we inspired!

My mind was blown by the huge variety of the questions thrown my way. I had to work really hard but I’m incredibly glad I did. Some of the questions were so imaginative — I think we start to lose that sort of mental freedom as we get older and our curiosity is constrained by sense, so it was refreshing to see it again and long may it continue.

The event will run again in March and I seriously encourage as many of you as possible to apply to take part. You will not regret it.

Science snap (#12): Purple bacteria

KT Cooper is a PhD student in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. A carbonate geochemist by training, she has just returned from a three-month secondment to Houston, Texas, USA working with Exxon Mobil.

The world of microbiology is weird, wonderful and also quite multi-colourful. Purple bacteria, a particular hue of microbe which holds a special place in my heart, have just taken the spotlight when it comes to the search for life on other planets. These bacteria were known to dominate life on the early Earth, around 3 Ga ago, and can survive on land and in water.

Water sample full of purple bacteria taken from a blue hole on North Andros as part of my PhD research, courtesy of Didi Ooi

They produce their energy through photosynthesis, like plants, and it has been suggested they could be used to harvest solar energy (highly efficient solar panels could utilise the bacteria’s natural ability to adapt to varying light intensities). They also have a highly reflective nature and it is this that has been proposed to be used in the hunt for life on other planets.

An extensive research effort exists to investigate how Earth might look like from distant observers so that we maybe able to identify other planets out there that could harbour life. Many different remote sensing and imaging techniques are being used but the research is not only focused on the Earth as it is now, but also as how it may have looked in a more primitive state. Computer models have been used to investigate if the Earth were covered in purple bacteria how this may be imaged from space. This research hopes to help identify life, albeit less little green men and more really little purple bacteria, on other planets.

Using garnet geochemistry to investigate the lithospheric mantle beneath northern Tanzania

Sorcha McMahon is a third year PhD student in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. Sorcha is investigating how strange igneous rocks called carbonatites may have formed, using both natural samples and high-pressure experiments.

As part of my undergraduate MSci course at the University of Cambridge, I carried out a project investigating a collection of thin sections from peridotite xenoliths from northern Tanzania. The main aim of this research was to constrain the petrogenetic evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the East African Rift (EAR) and adjacent Tanzanian Craton. Techniques employed included the electron microprobe (EMPA) and LA-ICP-MS to characterise the major and trace element contents of constituent minerals in garnet-bearing lherzolite and harzburgite mantle xenoliths. For the first time globally, we found ultra-depleted pyrope garnets from Lashaine peridotites displaying rare earth element (REE) patterns similar to those of hypothetical garnets proposed to have formed in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle prior to any metasomatism*.

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What’s up in Bolivia?

James Hickey is a PhD student in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. A geophysicist and volcanologist by trade, his PhD project is focussed on attempting to place constraints on volcanic unrest using integrated geodetic modelling.

To many, Bolivia is just an unassuming landlocked country in South America, perhaps most famous for its coca tea obsession and ‘gap yah’ alpaca wool sweaters. But to a number of enthused volcanologists it is a near-perfect playground. In the southwest of the country, sitting at 6008 m above sea level (ASL), Uturuncu volcano is inflating, and inflating over an unprecedented scale.

Uturuncu Volcano in the background with a gravimeter and campaign GPS setup in front. Image credit: James Hickey.

Uturuncu Volcano in the background with a gravimeter and campaign GPS setup in front. Image credit: James Hickey.

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